Vyvanse: Uses, Side Effects, Dependence and Treatment

What Is Vyvanse?

Vyvanse is the brand name for lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, a prescription-only medicine classified as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Across the EU, Vyvanse is prescribed primarily for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, in certain cases, moderate to severe binge eating disorder (BED).

Lisdexamfetamine is designed to be a long-acting medication. It is converted into its active form gradually in the body, allowing for sustained symptom control over the course of the day.

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What Is Vyvanse Prescribed For?

Vyvanse for ADHD

Vyvanse is commonly prescribed for children, adolescents and adults with ADHD where other treatment options may be unsuitable or insufficient.

It can help improve:

• Attention and concentration

• Impulse control

• Organisation and task completion

Vyvanse is usually taken once daily, which may support consistent symptom management and reduce fluctuations in effect.

Other Approved and Clinical Uses

In addition to ADHD, Vyvanse may be prescribed for:

• Moderate to severe binge eating disorder in adults

Any off-label use is determined by a specialist and based on clinical need.

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How Vyvanse Works

Vyvanse is a prodrug, meaning it is inactive until metabolised in the bloodstream. Once absorbed, lisdexamfetamine is converted into dexamfetamine, which increases the availability of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and noradrenaline.

This gradual activation reduces rapid onset effects and supports steady therapeutic action throughout the day.

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Side Effects of Vyvanse Common Side Effects

Some people may experience side effects when taking Vyvanse, including:

• Reduced appetite

• Difficulty sleeping (insomnia)

• Headache

• Dry mouth

• Nausea or stomach discomfort

• Anxiety or irritability

These effects are often mild to moderate and may lessen as the body adjusts to treatment.

Serious Side Effects

More serious side effects are less common but can occur, particularly at higher doses or when Vyvanse is misused. These include:

• Increased heart rate or blood pressure

• Chest pain

• Mood changes or agitation

• Tremors

• Hallucinations or confusion

• Seizures

Medical advice should be sought promptly if concerning symptoms occur.

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Vyvanse Misuse and Dependence

Vyvanse is a prescription medicine and should only be taken as directed by a healthcare professional. As an amphetamine-based stimulant, it carries a risk of misuse and dependence, particularly when taken without medical supervision.

Misuse may involve:

• Taking higher doses than prescribed

• Using Vyvanse without a prescription

• Using it for performance enhancement or appetite suppression

Long-term misuse can lead to tolerance, psychological dependence and adverse physical or mental health effects.

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Vyvanse Withdrawal

Stopping Vyvanse suddenly after prolonged use may lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as:

• Fatigue and low mood

• Sleep disturbances

• Irritability or anxiety

• Difficulty concentrating

• Cravings for the medication

For this reason, changes to Vyvanse treatment should always be made under medical guidance.

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Treatment for Vyvanse Dependence

Medically Supervised Detox

Where dependence has developed, a medically supervised reduction programme may be recommended. This typically involves:

• Gradual dose reduction

• Monitoring of physical and psychological symptoms

• Support from trained healthcare professionals

Treatment plans are tailored to the individual’s medical history, mental health needs and pattern of Vyvanse use.

Psychological and Therapeutic Support

In addition to medication management, treatment may include:

• Psychological therapies

• Education about stimulant use

• Relapse prevention strategies

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Dual Diagnosis Care

Some individuals who develop dependence on Vyvanse may also have underlying conditions such as ADHD, depression, anxiety or eating disorders. Dual diagnosis care addresses both the substance-related issue and any co-existing mental health condition together.

This integrated approach supports safer prescribing and long-term wellbeing.

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Ongoing Care and Recovery

Ongoing care following treatment may involve:

• Regular clinical reviews

• Continued psychological support

• Adjustment of ADHD treatment where appropriate

• Access to peer or community support services

Long-term follow-up helps reduce the risk of relapse and supports overall health.

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When to Seek Help

If you are concerned about Vyvanse misuse, side effects or dependence, it is important to speak to a healthcare professional. Early assessment and support can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.

Support is available across EU healthcare systems through primary care providers, specialist services and mental health professionals.